CNN Central News & Network-ITDC India Epress/ITDC News Bhopal: H. pylori infection may raise the risk of stomach cancer
Helicobacter pylori, or H. pylori, is a common bacterium found in the stomach. If it remains in the body for a long time, it can cause inflammation of the stomach’s inner lining and other problems. A recent report, citing a Lancet Oncology study, said that of about 2.3 million infection-linked cancer cases worldwide in 2024, nearly 760,000 were related to H. pylori. In India, about 47,000 such cases were reported.
H. pylori infection does not cause cancer in every person. In many people, it can remain for years without any clear symptoms. However, long-term infection can cause persistent inflammation in the stomach, followed by atrophic gastritis, changes in cells and, in some cases, an increased risk of stomach cancer. According to the National Cancer Institute, H. pylori is considered a cancer-causing agent in humans and is associated with gastric cancer and MALT lymphoma. Possible symptoms of this infection may include pain or burning in the abdomen, bloating, heaviness, frequent belching, vomiting, loss of appetite and weight loss. However, it is also possible for an infected person to show no symptoms.
To test for H. pylori, doctors may use a urea breath test, stool antigen test or, if needed, testing during endoscopy. Once infection is confirmed, it is treated on medical advice with antibiotics and acid-reducing medicines. The IARC has also issued guidance on screen-and-treat strategies for H. pylori testing and treatment to help prevent gastric cancer.
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